Joseph Beuys Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Joseph Beuys - Essay Example The paper "Joseph Beuys" concerns the German conceptual artist. When all classroom subjects are interlinked with the art and design curriculum, it helps students to become succesful learners in all the disciplines. The purpose of this paper is to highlight how art and design is not restricted to the art room, all subjects in the curriculum involve some aspect of creativity, and why this is important. In secondary school education, art and design offers pupils the opportunity to develop their creativity by using a range of skills in a wide variety of contexts. Pupils are able to communicate and to express their ideas and feelings in various forms such as making working models for science projects, enacting history through drama or dance, expressing creative literary work or poetry through information and communication technology, music and art, and other innovative outlets. Through exploring and sharing these ideas, pupils develop confidence and independence in learning. This is essen tial to becoming a successful learner who enjoys learning, makes progress and achieves higher learning outcomes. The importance of creativity and cultural development through the curriculum is supported by Report. Pupils’ experience of new technologies helps them to develop the skills to investigate alternative ways of working. Students learn to value the learning process as a key part of the creative experience. They are enabled to understand their own and other cultures and possibilites to change things for the better.

Cross Cultural Management in the Context of Business Objects Essay

Cross Cultural Management in the Context of Business Objects - Essay Example Every organization has a unique culture that gives it a special identity. Historically the word, ‘culture’, has been used differently in different subjects. Sometimes it is used to describe the sophistication of a person, whereas sometimes it is used by the anthropologists while they are describing the rituals and customs that different societies have developed over the passage of time. However, over the past few decades, the word is more used in organizational context. Experts and researchers have used the term in order to describe the practices and climate that have developed in the process of managing and handling the people in the organization (Schein, 2004). In today’s competitive business environment organizational culture is considered one of the most important factors that influence the individual performance and hence organizational performance. Management of culture becomes critical when there are people from different culture work together in the organi zation. Â  This paper is all about the management of organizational culture and various issues related to it in an organization named Business Objects. The report includes a brief overview of the organization and different problem regarding its culture. It also includes a detailed overview of the policy that should be implemented in the organization in order to solve and manage cross-cultural issues. Culture greatly influences the team performance especially when the team consists of people from the different cultural background. This report contains some possible solutions of problems regarding multicultural teams in the context of Business Objects. Â  Business Objects was established by Bernard Liautaud and one of his colleagues in 1990. The company started with software development.

Assembler, compiler and interpreter

Assembler, compiler and interpreter Assembler 1. An assembler is not equivalent to an interpreter, or compiler, assembly language is a low level language. 2. An assembler is one form of program translation. This is one relationship between assembler, compiler and interpreter. Each assembly language statement directly corresponds to one machine instruction. 3. The Assembler changes Assembly instructions into machine language, whereas a Compiler runs a higher level programming language instructions into Assembly instructions and then those are converted into executable machine language. 4. Accumulated programming languages normally generate lots of lines of Assembly instructions for each program report. 5. An assembler creates object code by changing symbols or substitute names into machine code.One could conclude that Assembly language is not a programming language at all, just guilty by association. Assembly language is nothing more than a shorthand system of writing, machine language, programs using symbols that friendless personality lacking, knuckle dragging WOW players, otherwise known as programmers, can understand. Compiler 1. A compiler converts an entire program written in source code and translates it into object code. 2. A second relationship is that the compiler and interpreter both process source code. 3. A compiler translates source code from a high-level programming language to assembly language/ machine code. A compiler works with what is called higher-levellanguages3rd generation languages, such as Java and C. Typically a person writes source code using an editor in a language such as C, Pascal or C++. The programmer then selects the appropriate compiler for the source code. Interpreter 1. Another relationship is that the interpreter is the step by step version of a compiler. Obviously this takes a lot of time and resources compared to previously compiled program. 2. An interpreter doesnt have to examine the entire program before it can begin executing code. 3. An interpreter is a computer program that takes source code and processes one line at a time. Interpreters translate code one line at time, executing each line as it is translated, Interpreters do generate binary code, but that code is never compiled into one program. Instead, the binary code is interpreted every time the program executes. Nonprocedural Language or Declarative language 1. Non procedural languages say what conditions the answer should match but not how to satisfy them. 2. With nonprocedural language you are stuck with whatever options the program allows 3. A Nonprocedural language example is Excels style of programming. Considered a 4th generation language also called declarative language. Structured Software 1. Structured software is for the most part fitting for applications that have many independent functions that do not correlate to a great extent. 2. This technique is not very fitting where data is going to change as opposed to the function 3. Structured programming is primarily a way of breaking a problem into routines. It gives emphasis to functionality without stressing the data. The most likely application is for problems where significant functionality is probably going to change rather than the data. At the point at which you have recognized the object boundary and you start writing the code to support them within the sections; it is common to change to a structured design. Structured software may fail on projects with 100,000 lines of source code or more. Object-Oriented Software 1. Object-oriented software makes it easier to develop, debug, reuse, and maintain software than is possible with other programming languages. 2. Object orientation takes the concepts of structured programming and puts it in 4-wheel drive. Object oriented software is equivalent to combining the usability of the fork and the food moving abilities of the spoon and comes up with a Spork. 3. object-oriented software is a computer program using object-oriented programming that revolves around the concept of an object. Object-oriented languages make it easier to reuse, and maintain software than is possible with other languages. Now, instead of data structures and separate program structures, both data and program elements are combined into one structure called an object. The object data essentials are called attributes, while the object program essentials are called methods. Together, attributes and methods are called the objects members. Usually, an objects methods are the only programs able to operate on the objects attributes. The easiest way to understand this is an analogy. Pretend you are building a house. With earlier generation programming, each and every component was written and designed for an exact function or result. This would be the same as making kitchen cabinets out of the lumber at the house piece by piece. Every house you built would require making cabinets at the location, out of the lumber that was supplied for the house. The sanity saving technique of object-oriented programming follows the logic of making a kitchen cabinet as a module. In programming terms, these cabinet modules are objects. This type of programming makes the effort much more efficient by allowing instructions from one program to be integrated into another. If for example a circle needs drawn on the screen you can use a circle object from another program. If the circle needs to be modified then a small amount of programming may be needed, but you no longer have to build it from scratch.

Globalization and Localization Essay -- Globalization vs Localization

The world is a constantly changing place and the relationships, or lack there of, of the people in it are the primary source of the change. Growing partnerships and the creation of a "global community" are being encouraged and defined by the term known as globalization. At the same time, the need for tradition and individual culture has perpetuated localization. Events that happen everyday around the world prove that both of these phenomena do have a prominent role in our society, and by studying these occurrences, we can better explain the benefits and consequences of the circumstances. Globalization can best be seen in the political and economic realms of society. In general, globalization is an "open door" type of policy in which different nations "feed" off of each other. In the political arena, they can learn from one another. What has proven to be inefficient by one, can be assumed so by the other. Following this train of thought, one can see a globalizing effect happening with democracy. This form of government has proven its longevity and usefulness in more than one area of the world, and in more than one culture. Economically, globalization encourages international trade and the exchange of ideas. Countries can share their resources and advancements in technologies. This should not only enhance the trade and thus economies of countries, it should also increase the possibilities of quicker technological change. In a sense, two minds are better than one. When nation’s work together to create a stronger united force, they can also try to convince a nation to act in accordance with a global idea of what is right and what is wrong. In "NATO, Serb Forces Prepare for War" (Syracuse Post Standard, October 6, 1998), it demon... ...overcome one another. Localization is taking a back-burner these days, as countries are needing help financially from one another. At the same time, there is a greater concern for political stability, and therefore there is a need for advice from other nations. Putting up boundaries will only hurt these nations in the long run. They will not progress at the same speed and they will have a tendency to alienate themselves from the rest of the world. There is constantly changing trend as to what is the best stance to take. When the World as a whole is doing well , many people may want to take the chance that they can advance themselves and leave everyone else in the dust. When recovering from some turmoil, such as a war or financial instability, the world may want to work together to make sure that everyone doesn’t fall down in a large scale trickle down effect.

Interpersonal Communication Essay

In the healthiest of environments, people advance from ‘relationship’ to ‘engaged’ status because two people have mutually acknowledged each other, have common understandings, and act with the other person’s concerns in mind. A relationship, be it for marriage, friends or business, requires a domain of actions and an assessment that your partner is worth trust because they act with the intention to take care and not betray shared concerns. One of those elements is the interpersonal communication between the people in the relationship. When communicating effectively, there is a behavioral coordination that results from the coupling between two people in such a way that the relationship can limit the drift of day-to-day life, and move with effective communication practices that will address fundamental concerns. The bedrock of effective interpersonal communication is to first know who ‘you’ are. Review and understanding of your self-concept, self-image, self-esteem, and personality will allow for greater spaces for possibility to understand the same elements of your partner. Interpersonal communication involves both verbal and nonverbal communication and both of these communication types can be expressed in a variety of different ways. One aspect to clearly understand is that communication is complex because it involves two or more people to be in a dance of coordinated action that will take care of concerns and/or fulfill the narrative of the future. Communication is also continuous; to be most effective in the domain of interpersonal communication there is a requirement of recurrence, recursion  and reciprocation. Communication is also dynamic in that the action requires the embodiment of practices that allow you to transform between public, private and behavioral queues with your significant other. Equally important to remember is the misconception that communication cannot transform interpretation. Languaging is a linguistic coordination of linguistic coordination’s, a domain of descriptions of descriptions that refer back to themselves for meaning. Our classroom text asserts that we cannot exactly repeat something we have said in the past. Even if our words are the same – the tome of voice and other characteristics such as posturing and tone will differ- and the listener will also have a different impression (sole, K. 2011). Communication is also irreversible in that we cannot take back our words once spoken. This is why it is very important to be conscious of what you are saying in moments of anger when you might say something that you may later regret. The harmonious combination of two different points of view can certainly be viewed as a barrier to effective interpersonal communication because balance between the two is not always achieved. Common communication problems in relationships are assessed as: 1) Silence or refusal to speak; 2) giving into the other person at a cost of self or the relationship (also known as placating); and 3) psychological requests or reports – which is essentially the announcement of a feeling, emotion, or state of being without any commitment to act from the assessment produced an/or speaking without regard for the truth to fulfill a concealed agenda. Let’s face it – the silent treatment is more often than not a way of inflicting pain on the other person, or to get them as angry or disappointed as you are. Either way, there are no good outcomes possible for effectiveness to be achieved. Giving in to your significant others demands can defuse a negative situation, however, over the long term you can loose who your ‘self’ is and the foundation of the relationship can begin to become eroded. Visions of virtues, what is a good life, beliefs, and what is important for being taken care of can be lost subconsciously without you even knowing it when you give into placating. The last of the three barriers mentioned is psychological warfare. This could be sabotage born out of feelings of resignation, despair, boredom, resentment, distrust, confusion, being overwhelmed, and skepticism. It is important to try and be a third party observer of your moods because they color your outlook about your relationship and the world over extended periods of time. Moments of perturbation should be discussed with your partner in the moment or soon after so that bottled up aggression does not have the opportunity to morph into something much worse in the future such as ‘playing games’. As reviewed in chapter three of our classroom text, what you perceive in the world depends on what you pay attention to (Sole, K. 2011). With acceptance of this assertion then it is easier to understand how you organize and interpret what you perceive, and the framework of your emotions take place. Always remember that emotions are specific ungrounded assessments that live in our bodies for only a short period of time as feelings and thoughts. The perception of your partner may differ from your own; in fact, it most likely does because you both have had two different journeys throughout life from birth to the present moment. It is important to remember that emotions are the result of perturbations of our nervous system and provide automatic and ungrounded assessments about the world because as reviewed earlier, our individual ‘worlds’ are made up of only what we are paying attention to. Some emotions are inherited genetically and some are learned. Emotions though, only tell us how we ‘feel’; not the ‘truth’. With this in mind we can begin to understand then to be careful to know the difference between stating a ‘truth’ to our partner and making an ‘assertion’. With interpersonal relationships it is important to be aware of our emotions and how they affect the people around us, including our significant others. Non-verbal communication is defined as communication of a message without words, which means that it encompasses a wide range of vocal and visual signs and behaviors (Sole, K. 2011). Throughout your relationship you will  express yourself not only with your voice or with a pen, but also with eyes, facial expressions and body posturing. When listening to your significant other it is recommended to be aware of your body posture; the technical term for this is called kinesics. For example, sometimes there is no greater expression of affection for someone than the embrace of a hug or putting your arm around them (Burgoon, Buller, Woodall, 1996). As time goes on most partners begin to pick up on what the other is thinking without even speaking through non-verbal communication habits. For example, my fiancà ©e figured out that whenever I rub my eye with my index finger by putting pressure in corner of eye, I am in a mood of frustration or anger; and I never realized I did that till she pointed it out to me! Emotional Intelligence, also known as EI, is a reference to the capacity that someone has to understand, communicate, and manage emotions; and further the ability to understand and respond to the feelings of others (Sole, K. 2011). This is an especially powerful element to successful relationships because it expands the different possibilities for thinking and actions that a couple can take throughout a lifetime together. EI is a reference that someone has a background of listening taking place where future possibilities are being listened to, even while declarations for thinking or acting have taken, or are taking place. Take the various moods of yourself and your significant other for example. The understanding of moods can help in managing conflicts with one another. Moods color a persons point of view about life for periods of time and have body postures associated with it. If you see your significant other standing with their arms crossed and eyebrows bent while eyes are starring at you like daggers, then you may not need them to say that they are frustrated because you can interpret that with your level of emotional intelligence. A submission from my own meandering experience on like is to recognize the difference between the things you can, and the things you cannot change in life. Do your best to let go of negative thoughts and change negative interpretations. If your significant other is not able to spend a lot of time with you because of the amount of time you work for example, then  instead of ‘getting down’ on it be thankful that you get to end the day with him or her, and that they are ambitious instead of lazy. Another broad suggestion that does not encompass a specific situation would be to stay away from â€Å"I† statements. Our text for the class uses a great example for this. Instead of â€Å"you make me so angry sometimes† TRY: â€Å"I am so angry with you sometimes†. It shows that you are taking ownership for your own emotions and are describing a behavior instead of simply acting on it without thinking the situation through. CLOSING: The bedrock of effective interpersonal communication is to first know who ‘you’ are. Review and understanding of your self-concept, self-image, self-esteem, and personality will allow for greater spaces for possibility to understand the same elements of your partner. References Bower, B. (2010, November). Shared talking styles herald new and lasting romance. U.S. News & World Report, 1. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Global on July 22, 2011. Document ID:2223940991 NARA SCHOENBERG. (2011, February 6). Can we talk? Researcher talks about the role of communication in marriages. Houston Chronicle,p. 7. Retrieved July 28, 2011, from ProQuest Newsstand. (Document ID: 2260839481). Nathan Miczo, Chris Segrin, & Lisa E Allspach. (2001). Relationship between nonverbal sensitivity, encoding, and relational satisfaction. Communication Reports, 14(1), 39-48. Retrieved July 25, 2011, from Research Library. (Document ID: 72022836). Preston, P. (2005). Nonverbal communication: Do you reallynsay what you mean? Journal of Healthcare Management, 50(2), 83-6. Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Global. Document ID: 814698921 Sole, K. (2011). Making connections: Understanding interpersonal communication. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. (https://content.ashford.edu)

Community Within Maycomb Essay

So often in a society we are misled at the actual courageous and uncourageous acts that are done amongst a society. Most of the time it is usually because we have our own perception that a society is emulated from the way someone may act or the lineage and community in which some are born into. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee shows the strengths and weaknesses of a community through the white community, black community, and lastly the community within a family. Though there is much strength in a White community, like holding their values high, there are also weaknesses like being racist toward the â€Å"Blacks. For instance Jem points out a weakness in the White community when he tells Scout, â€Å"They’re real sad†¦ They don’t belong anywhere. Colored folks won’t have ‘em because they’re half white; white folks won’t have ‘em cause they’re colored, so they’re just in-between, don’t belong anywhere. † Back during the 1930’s interracial marriage was unheard of and if it was it was thought of as impure or inadequate therefore disregarded. Experts Joyce Moss and Gorge Wilson say, â€Å"†¦ Racial relations where complicated by various restrictions in the 1930’s. Breaking the taboo against sexual intercourse between a black man and a white woman was considered by most whites and some blacks†¦ most serious offence. This kind of miscegenation would ‘taint’ racial purity. † This then re-states the negativity of racism during the time of Maycomb in the White community. Despite of Macomb’s racist perspectives they also share very important morals between their communities. Atticus Finch shares with Scout,† you never really understand a person until you consider things from his [or her] point of view†¦ ntil you climb inside of his skin and walk around in it. †(Chapter 3) This excerpt shows how high Atticus being from the White community, keeps his standards and beliefs held high so that he may be looked up as Macomb’s role model. In conclusion this states, though Maycomb may struggle with some things that still to this very day affect us as a community, Maycomb is also showing how it is to be keeping their morals in mind. From the outside looking in it may seem as though the Black community has no strength despite the fact there is. During the time period the Blacks had no problem with helping one another. If one didn’t know the other one knew and they assisted one another. During church scout asks â€Å"How we gonna sing [the songs] if their aint any hymn books? † â€Å"[Zebo cleared his throat and read in a voice†¦ ]. We tend to always focus on the main idea but this tiny detail helps the Blacks unite with each other because they are able to participate in activities like sing in church by just being able to work with each other to read the hymnal and be a religious community. Scout being from the White community she doesn’t understand the ways of the â€Å"blacks† and how they choose to be one. KJ The book girl states, â€Å"The black community as a whole is a very close congregation, as it has to be to survive the harsh treatment by the white community†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Because the Blacks have been kind of segregated by the White community, it has taught them to become and be closer. In difference to the negative conversations that go on in the Black community as well. You ain’t got no business bringin’ white chillun here—they got their church, we got our’n. It is our church, ain’t it, Miss Cal? † said Lula. This is the first time Jem and Scout experience direct racism which is usually never heard of because they are white. This makes them in a real uncomfortable position in which they have never been. The weakness in the Black community is they are racist back and don’t want to make a difference well most of them anyway. Even though Lula is from the black community she is prejudice towards the whites. This is a weakness in the black community though they help one another they don’t realize how to be the bigger person in the sense of acting with dignity and not stooping and lowering you self to discriminate against different raced people. There are much strength as well as many weaknesses within the kinship of a Family community. Atticus instills within his kids that, â€Å"I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It’s when you know you’re licked before you begin, but you begin anyway. † A Review of General Semantics says that,† Atticus agrees to defend a black man named Tom Robinson who has been accused of [a heinous crime] raping Mayella Ewell a white woman. During the trial, Atticus provides sufficient evidence†¦ if fact provides that Mayella’s father Bob[Ewell] is responsible for marks on her face†¦ however the all-white jury convicts Tom[Robinson] away†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Action speaks louder than words have always been the saying for a society especially when parents say it. Atticus is teaching his kids the moral of standing up for what is right and to have full courage when doing so. He defends Tom Robinson to not only prove that this man has done nothing wrong but also to teach his kids the moral of standing up for what you believe in and having courage to do so is far more meaning full than feeling powerful verse feeling courageous for doing the right thing. In contrast to the benefits of a positive family community. In contrast to a positive family environment Robert also know as Bob Ewell, is determined to have a black man imprisoned for a crime that he has not committed. Atticus, while on the trial with Mayella Ewell Atticus asks her, â€Å"Why don’t you tell the truth, child, didn’t Bob Ewell beat you up? † Bob Ewell being a horrifying father has done a crime that if people knew what he has done the community would probably never speak to or even regard him again. He has raped and beaten his own flesh and blood. The inhumanity that he possesses within his family as the head of the house hold is unfathomable.

How To Research Latino Ancestry and Genealogy

How To Research Latino Ancestry and Genealogy Indigenous in areas from the southwestern United States to the southern tip of South America and from the Philippines to Spain, Hispanics are a diverse population. From the small country of Spain, tens of millions of Spaniards have emigrated to Mexico, Puerto Rico, Central and South America, Latin America, North America, and Australia. Spaniards settled the Caribbean islands and Mexico more than a century before the English settled Jamestown in 1607. In the United States, Hispanics settled in Saint Augustine, Florida, in 1565 and in New Mexico in 1598. Often, a search for Hispanic ancestry leads ultimately to Spain but is likely that a number of family generations settled in the countries of Central America, South America or the Caribbean. Also, as many of these countries are considered melting pots, it is not uncommon that many individuals of Hispanic descent will not only be able to trace their family tree back to Spain, but also to locations such as France, Germany, Italy, Eastern Europe, Africa, and Portugal. Begin at Home If youve spent any time researching your family tree, this may sound cliche. But the first step in any genealogy research project is, to begin with, what you know - yourself and your direct ancestors. Scour your home and ask your relatives for birth, death and marriage certificates; old family photos; immigration documents, etc. Interview every living relative that you can find, being sure to ask open-ended questions. See 50 Questions for Family Interviews for ideas. As you collect information, be sure to organize the documents into notebooks or binders, and enter the names and dates into a pedigree chart or genealogy software program. Hispanic Surnames Most Hispanic countries, including Spain, have a unique naming system in which children are commonly given two surnames, one from each parent. The middle name (1st surname) comes from the fathers name (apellido paterno), and the last name (2nd surname) is the mothers maiden name (apellido materno). Sometimes, these two surnames may be found separated by y (meaning and), although this is no longer as common as it once was. Recent changes to laws in Spain mean that you may also find the two surnames reversed - first the mothers surname, and then the fathers surname. Women also retain their maiden name when they get married, making it much easier to track families through multiple generations. Know Your History Knowing the local history of the places where your ancestors lived is a great way to speed up your research. Common immigration and migration patterns may provide clues to your ancestors country of origin. Knowing your local history and geography will also help you determine where to look for the records of your ancestors, as well as provide some great background material for when you sit down to write your family history. Find Your Familys Place of Origin Whether your family now lives in Cuba, Mexico, the United States or another country, the goal in researching your Hispanic roots is to use the records of that country to trace your family back to the country of origin. Youll need to search through public records of the place where your ancestors lived, including the following major record sources: Church RecordsThe records of the Roman Catholic church represent one of the best sources for locating a Hispanic familys place of origin. Local parish records in Hispanic Catholic parishes include sacramental records such as baptisms, marriages, deaths, burials, and confirmations. Particularly valuable are marriage records, in which the town of origin is frequently documented for the bride and groom. Many of these records are kept in Spanish, so you may find this Spanish Genealogical Word List to be helpful in translation. A vast majority of these Hispanic parish records have been microfilmed by the Family History Library in Salt Lake City and you can borrow the ones you need through your local Family History Center. You may also be able to obtain copies by writing directly to the local parish where your ancestors lived.Civil or Vital RecordsCivil registration is the record kept by local governments of the births, marriages, and deaths within their jurisdictions. These records provid e excellent sources for information such as the names of family members, dates of important events and, possibly, the familys place of origin. In the United States, more recent vital records are usually maintained at the state level. In general, civil records date back to the early 1900s in the United States; 1859 in Mexico; 1870s-1880s in most Central and South American countries; and 1885 in Puerto Rico. Civil or vital records are typically kept at the local (town, village, county or municipal) level in the local court, municipal office, county office or Civil Registry office. Many have also been microfilmed by the Family History Library (see church records). Immigration RecordsA number of immigration sources, including passenger lists, border crossing records, and naturalization and citizenship records, are also useful for identifying the place of origin of an immigrant ancestor. For early Spanish emigrants, the Archivo General de Indias in Seville, Spain, is the repository for Spanish documents dealing with the Spanish colonial period (1492-1810) in the Americas. These documents often include the birthplace of each individual recorded. Ship arrivals and passenger lists provide the best documentation of immigrants who came to the Americas after the middle of the nineteenth century. These records, kept at major North, Central, and South American ports, can usually be found in the National Archives of the country in question. Many are also available on microfilm through your local family history center. Tracing your Hispanic roots may, eventually, lead you to Spain, where genealogical records are among the oldest and best in the world.

Army Enlisted Rank Structure Essays

Army Enlisted Rank Structure Essays Army Enlisted Rank Structure Essay Army Enlisted Rank Structure Essay Army every thin up to SSP is dependent on time in service and time in grade. Once you want to go from SSP to SST, or SST to ASS you need to go too board and have a certain amount of points. The pints are based on you PET scores, how well you do in the Board, your weapons qualification, your Correspondence classes on line, Civilian education, awards and Military schools. The Board is a sort of review, where you stand In front of all the first sergeants In o battalion and you battalion SST Major. They ask you question pertaining to things like common knowledge, leadership and MOSS knowledge based on what your MOSS Is. Your scored on how well you do, you can earn as many as 150 points. The maximum amount of points that you can earn Is 798 which Is also the maximum number of points that they can have for being promoted. If you have a star MOSS the point are usually at 350 which In the rumbling amount of point a soldier can have to be promoted. Star Mosss are Mosss thats personnel numbers are really low or that the nutrition rate is really hi. Once you want to go to SF you need to submit a packet that is reviewed by the DOD if you selected to be promoted your put on a list. They only promote so many at a time. So you have to wait for your name to come out before you know that youre being promoted. After SF your promotion is based on a selection process and whether or not the need someone with your background and MOSS for a certain a aster sergeant position or if they want to give you a company of your own. If youre in charge of a company youre a First Sergeant if youre not youre a master sergeant. To move on to sergeant major I believe that you have to have been a first sergeant and then to move on to command sergeant major the highest enlisted rank you need to have had so much time as a sergeant major. Then to move on after that is all based on your record and how well youve done with various commands.

A History of the Issue of the Gender Wage Gap in America

A History of the Issue of the Gender Wage Gap in America The gender wage gap has been around since women began having jobs and careers in the economy. In the beginning of the wage gap was purely doing to discrimination as well as social stereotypes, now it has become more complicated than that. The issue today has evolved into a complex issue which combines our American culture, business economics politics and social culture. As a result, some are skeptical of the issue and some are very adamant in their mind set. The Equal Pay Act was initiated during the Kennedy administration. Since then, the gender wage gap has been narrowing every year, but it still does exist in the United States. The gender wage gap is the difference between what women get paid and what men get paid for doing the same job. Each year and pay quota women are paid 59 cents more than before which may be a good thing, more or less they the pay roll are not equal for working women and working men in the field. People have been trying to prove whether the gender wage gap i s institute, or unimportant since before the first act was passed. In the 1963 the gender wage gap was a huge issue; women made only 63% of what men made in the same positions. As time has progressed, women now make on average 77% of what men make in the same position. Every second a baby is born in the United States, according to the U.S. Census, and with a baby comes big responsibility. Whether it’s fair or not, the social norm is the woman stays at home, while the man goes to work to pay the bills. Since many women feel the pressures of family obligations more than the men do, they often are forced to choose between their family and their careers. Accordingly women statistically don’t put in as many overtime hours as men, says April Kelly-Woessner, a political science professor at Elizabethtown College. Employers complain that women regularly choose family obligations over their jobs. In politics men believe that women should not be in the field because they are women; though can have the same education women in the feature will eventually have families and have kids to take care of. With that comes multiple respponicbities. Thus women would have to retire and quit their current job to take care of their growing family. Many companies believe that men can do a better job than women because men do nessecarrly need to be worried about their running the household since its mainly the women’s job as the â€Å"House Keeper†. When many companies say this it sparks a debate, riot, and protest on the working pay roll of working women. To this day, there is still no definitive reason why, but the gap seems to close little by little each year. Can we contribute that to women standing up for themselves more, working harder to prove their worth, or even challenging the system? T.J. Billitteri wrote the article entitled Gender pay gap touching base on the important fact which is women working and sharing the same career title as a man are making far less money (March 14, 2008).CQ Researcher, 18, 241-264.Billitteri begins his article touching base on a large lawsuit of Ledbetter vs. Goodyear tire. Ledbetter, one of few females in her supervisory position, realized she was making $559.00 a month less than the males in the same position. She received around $3 million in back pay and damages. That case stirred up a lit of press on the pay gap issue and put emphasis on bills such as the Fair Pay Act. Recognized female state officials are pushing the enforcement of Fair Pay Acts and Equal Pay Acts more and more on Congress and the Senate still to this day. Billitteri (2008) states with those in effect men and women would have equal compensation when working in the same field. A prime example is a women working as a Chief Executive makes on average 22 percent of what a male Chief Executive makes. Looking at the 2006 U.S. Census statistics it showed â€Å"the pay gap at about 77 percent of the men’s median full-time, year-round earnings.† (Billitteri 2008). In Billitteris’ article he discusses how when hiring a female the company takes into account the possibilities for maternity leave, higher insurance needs, time off to care for children, and a raised risk for sexual harassment claims. It has become apparent that women are intimidated to seek out executive or other high paying positions In the 21st Century the number of women enrolling in higher education institutions is surpassing the numbers of men enrolled. The graduation rates of women from high school and higher education are most often higher than for men. The number of women graduates from most professional occupations, including higher paying medicine, law and business, will exceed the number of men graduates in the near future. In numerous occupational areas with a majority of women graduates, salaries already surpass salaries in occupational areas with a majority of men graduates. The idea that the majority of women are working the same types of jobs, and same amount of hours but still being paid much less than men is causing much concern. In recent history the gender gap is slowly decreasing. Young women are shrinking the education gay and earning degrees such as a masters degree and bachelors degree. In fact, women are earning more bachelor and masters degrees than men. In addition, women are also finding careers in law, business and medical schools. Women are starting to over come the limits of gender in the labor market. They are no longer settling for nurses, secretaries or salesclerks. Women are overcoming the great gender gap. Over the years studies have taken place in order to try and resolve this problem concerning the gender gap. According to the tables on pages thirty nine through forty the studies that presented show that women earn seventy seven percent of what men make during an average of fifteen years, but the studies which show the true incomes pay between the two different sexes shows us that the gap is much greater. Women are actually only making sixty two percent of what men are earning. The figure is summed up when the mens average earnings were at $49,068 and womens were far below the mens income at $ 29,507 for the fifteen year average

Online Shopping Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Online Shopping - Term Paper Example With the increased exchange of products via the internet, the economy has been able to gain tremendously. Secondly, online shopping requires the services of middle-businessmen who will transport the products to the buyers. The middlemen serve an important purpose of ensuring the products and services are availed at the most appropriate time. This creates job opportunities to the many people that are unemployed (Miller 121). With such a development, the new economy develops since there are some people that have a disposable amount of income which is spent in the economy. Therefore, it is evident that online shopping has developed the proceeds of the economy by creating job opportunities and enhancing the economy through constant exchange of products from the sellers to the buyers. Similarly, it has enabled constant flow of money in the economy since the quality of products is improved. The buyers and sellers are the first hand benefiters from online shopping. Online shopping connects buyers to sellers in a more elaborate and easy manner. First, buyers get to know the location of sellers and how they can be contacted. This eases the process of acquiring products and services. As such, the buyers will have an easy time in locating the sellers. Secondly, the buyers will not waste time looking for an appropriate supplier of the products that need (Rich 167). This is convenient to people that have a busy schedule. As such, they will spend limited time in contacting an appropriate seller of the products they need. Thirdly, buyers do not have to physically access the sellers’ shop for the products. They can make communications via the internet and provide all the information that is needed. This eases the... Online shopping has had an effect on traditional shopping in a number of aspects. First, online shopping has reduced the number of people that rely on traditional shopping. For instance, this has reduced the number of people that physically access shopping centers and the market to buy products and services. Secondly, online shopping has increased the number of people that use electronic cash transfers in buying products. This has affected traditional shopping since very few people carry hard cash. This has had negative effects on traditional shopping since impulse buying has been reduced. As such, people that do not use online selling tactics are disadvantaged. Thirdly, online shopping has changed the world in that people expect to be supplied with the products they have bought. Many people expect the products to be delivered at their homesteads and door steps after making a purchase. This affects traditional shopping negatively since it does not have such services.Though online sho pping has its favored advantages, it has a number of drawbacks. First, there are some products that are not sold online. This makes it hard for a seller to attract some customers online.

Shopping Centres in Prague Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Shopping Centres in Prague - Essay Example They are also choosy in selecting the shopping centres. This research is aimed at studying the shopping centres in Prague and what are the preferences that the people who use it have. In today's modern world, time is perceived as a precious commodity; accordingly the society is very much concerned with time management. Therefore, it is expected that in order to be as time efficient as possible people avoid visiting shopping centres, which require an extended travelling time. They are more likely to visit frequently the shopping centre, which is easily reachable and accordingly requires a less time consuming travel. Transportation by car is to be expected when travelling to an edge-of-city shopping centre, on the contrary people are more likely to use public transport, bicycle or simply walk when travelling to an in-town shopping centre. Congestion and other traffic problems have made access to in-town shopping centres increasingly difficult, consequently this became a highly time consuming transportation method. Therefore, public transport is the solution, as it is not affected by traffic, thus it is expected to be used along with other methods like foot and bicycle which likewise are not influenced by traffic. Nevertheless, edge-of-city shopping centres are more easily accessible by means of car transportation as they tend to be located in areas where road communication is designed to create comfortable approach, these areas usually do not suffer from high levels of congestion. Moreover, car transportation allows people to carry bulky goods easily, this is of high importance as shopping tends to be one of the main reason for the visit. Methods of data collection A list of all Prague's main shopping centres was made. This was then divided into in-town and edge-of-city shopping centres. The entire investigation is then based on this assortment. The Annexure-I gives the list of shopping centres. Both the hypothesis needs to be tested with the available number of shopping centres. Since it is difficult to check or study every one of the shopping centres available, it was decided to take two randomly selected shopping centres, one each from either of the groups, for this purpose2.

Macro-Economic Objectives and their Impact on Business Activity Assignment

Macro-Economic Objectives and their Impact on Business Activity - Assignment Example The RPI reflects a weighted average of price rises over the previous 12 months and as such it can be seen as the rate of inflation affecting the average household. (Jewell, 2007) Economists attribute inflation to one of the three causes; Excess demand in conditions of full employment, this is also known as demand pull inflation. Monetary inflation, which is the excess rise in the money supply A rise in the cost of production that is, in turn, passed on to the customers by firms enjoying some degree of monopoly power. This is cost push inflation. Inflation leads to a rise in prices, it has the effects of redistributing purchasing power. Businesses might suffer if their customers experience a decline in their real incomes. Moreover, if the inflation is one of costs rather than prices, profit margins will be squeezed. Conversely, inflation caused by access demand may lead to an increase in profits margin. One of the most damaging aspects of inflation from the business point of view is t hat it makes planning for the future difficult. Budgeting becomes difficult. Making provisions for expenses and purchases becomes difficult as prices tend to increase. (Jewell, 2000) The unemployed are defined in government statistics as those people seeking work who are unable to obtain a job. Unemployment can occur due to deficiency in demand; this could be cyclic, which is temporary during recession. Or it could be persistent which results from long-term deficiency. Technological advancement curb the need for manpower and this can also result in unemployment. Structural unemployment occurs when there is a change in the structure of demand leading to the decline of a major industry. Regional unemployment occurs when a major local industry declines leaving the workers of that area unemployed. Frictional unemployment results from the unemployment while job changing. Another form of unemployment is voluntary, which is the unwillingness to work at current rates of pay McEachern, 2008) . In theory, a high level of unemployment should increase the reserves of labour available to business. Firms that are starting up would find labour easily. Furthermore, excess supplies of labour may also weaken the resolve of unions to demand high pay. These were the advantages of unemployment; however, it is possible for unemployment to coexist with shortages of particular types of labour or shortages in certain geographical regions. (Frank & Bernanke, 2001) Economic growth is basically an increase in the productive capacity of the economy or a rise in real national income per head. As it provides the means for achieving higher living standards for all, it opens up the prospects of reducing poverty without the necessity of income redistribution. Economic growth is beneficial to private sector firms. New market opportunities will be created in an expanding economy. This provides scope for emerging businesses as well as the expansion of existing ones. A growing economy is favorable for any business and especially the ones that are new. Economic growth is measured by the increase in the gross domestic product (GDP) of the country. GDP can be measured by the expenditure approach or by the income approach. (Wessels, 2006) International Trade and the Balance of Payments The balance of payments is a set of accounts recording details of a nations transaction with the rest of the world. The current account measures a country's trade in currently produced goods and

Technology and education.What if we didn't depend on technology in the Essay

Technology and education.What if we didn't depend on technology in the classroom as much as we do - Essay Example Education reform continues to be a question of grave concern for educators and policy makers. Braithwaite’s (2002) novel To Sir With Love which was set in the 1960s informs that education reform is nothing new. Students are particularly vulnerable to failure both at school and after school. Braithwaite’s (2002) novel cautions that students are resistant to traditional teaching methods and require training which goes beyond mere academic learning. In today’s world, President Barak Obama cautions a student body that regardless of what career choices they make, they will require some level of computer literacy (Obama 2011). Essentially, we are learning that education reform places a greater degree of pressure on teachers as they attempt to improve teaching techniques and outcomes. As it is, educators and policy-makers are concerned about the high drop-out rate among high school students across the US (Obama 2011). In other words, keeping students engaged becomes mor e challenging when teachers are required to integrate technology into the curriculum. On the other hand, integrating technology into the curriculum can be one method of responding to the drop-out rate. Research studies reveal that academic performance and being held back are not the only contributing factors to the school drop-out rate. In fact, these studies also reveal that a student’s attitude toward school student’s experience at also contributes to the school drop-out rate (Lamb 2011, p. 370).... As Lamb (2011) informs, research studies indicate that students are at a greater risk of dropping out of school when their academic performance is poor. It therefore follows that non-conventional teaching can improve engagement and as such can improve retention. Arguably, engagement is tied to academic performance. This explains why there is so much emphasis on education reform and the significance of quality teaching. Braithwaite’s (2002) teacher did not have the science and technology at his disposal to introduce innovative and non-conventional methods of teaching. He was forced to be creative and by doing so engaged his East London students who were by no stretch of the imagination, conventional students. The result was, these children’s attitudes toward school changed and the students were for the most part successful. Bennett (2011) reveals the extent to which teaching occupies the minds of policy-makers. This is a result of the poor academic outcomes. According to Bennett (2011), the National Assessment of Educational Progress revealed that 40 percent of American high school seniors scored 36 percent below average in math and 26 percent below average in reading. The results for American history are even more disappointing with high school seniors scoring over 50 percent below average (Bennett 2011). Bennett (2011) explains that while these poor outcomes can be accounted for by a number of issues, one thing is certain: quality teaching can turn this around. This brings us to the question of technology in the classroom. Technology has the potential to improve teaching by bringing into the classroom a significant part of the student’s daily life and future job prospects. Therefore technology in

Law Criminal law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Law Criminal law - Essay Example blished in the case of R v Abdul Hussain, Aboud, Hasan, Naji, Muhssin, Hoshan [1999] CLR 57 it was held that in order to establish duress as a defence it had to be established that there was imminent peril of death or serious injury. However, as established in the Hoshan case it was held that whilst the period of time elapsing between the peril and the Defendan’t act was relevant, it wasn’t determinative. In the case of Linda must further demonstrate that she was forced to act and give a false alibi due to a reasonable fear of injury. Secondly, she must satisfy the objective test that a reasonable person would have responded to the threat in the same or similar manner as she did [R v Graham [1982] 1 WLR 294]. Alternatively, as established in the case of R v Hasan [2005] UKHL voluntary association with criminals known to be violent will prohibit the defence of duress. As such, this may prejudice Linda’s ability to rely on the defence. b) Richard will not be able to rely on the defence of duress as there is no immediate risk of harm or death. However, he may be able to rely on the defence of necessity, which is again limited in scope (R v Martin [1989] 1 ALL ER 652. If Richard can establish that the alternative of waiting for an ambulance would have resulted in serious harm to his wife then he may be able to rely on the defence of necessity. Again, he would have to satisfy the objective test that a reasonable person would have acted in the same or similar manner [R v Graham [1982] 1 WLR 294]. c) Whilst necessity is not a defence per se, if Sandra can demonstrate that there was a real risk of injury or death (which there was in this case) she will have strong grounds for relying on the defence of necessity ((Re A Minors) Conjoined Twins: Medical Treatment) 4 All ER 961. Sandra will also have to satisfy the objective test. However, if her defence of necessity fails, she will be potentially liable for involuntary manslaughter due to the lack of mens rea for

Macro-Economic Objectives and their Impact on Business Activity Assignment

Macro-Economic Objectives and their Impact on Business Activity - Assignment Example The RPI reflects a weighted average of price rises over the previous 12 months and as such it can be seen as the rate of inflation affecting the average household. (Jewell, 2007) Economists attribute inflation to one of the three causes; Excess demand in conditions of full employment, this is also known as demand pull inflation. Monetary inflation, which is the excess rise in the money supply A rise in the cost of production that is, in turn, passed on to the customers by firms enjoying some degree of monopoly power. This is cost push inflation. Inflation leads to a rise in prices, it has the effects of redistributing purchasing power. Businesses might suffer if their customers experience a decline in their real incomes. Moreover, if the inflation is one of costs rather than prices, profit margins will be squeezed. Conversely, inflation caused by access demand may lead to an increase in profits margin. One of the most damaging aspects of inflation from the business point of view is t hat it makes planning for the future difficult. Budgeting becomes difficult. Making provisions for expenses and purchases becomes difficult as prices tend to increase. (Jewell, 2000) The unemployed are defined in government statistics as those people seeking work who are unable to obtain a job. Unemployment can occur due to deficiency in demand; this could be cyclic, which is temporary during recession. Or it could be persistent which results from long-term deficiency. Technological advancement curb the need for manpower and this can also result in unemployment. Structural unemployment occurs when there is a change in the structure of demand leading to the decline of a major industry. Regional unemployment occurs when a major local industry declines leaving the workers of that area unemployed. Frictional unemployment results from the unemployment while job changing. Another form of unemployment is voluntary, which is the unwillingness to work at current rates of pay McEachern, 2008) . In theory, a high level of unemployment should increase the reserves of labour available to business. Firms that are starting up would find labour easily. Furthermore, excess supplies of labour may also weaken the resolve of unions to demand high pay. These were the advantages of unemployment; however, it is possible for unemployment to coexist with shortages of particular types of labour or shortages in certain geographical regions. (Frank & Bernanke, 2001) Economic growth is basically an increase in the productive capacity of the economy or a rise in real national income per head. As it provides the means for achieving higher living standards for all, it opens up the prospects of reducing poverty without the necessity of income redistribution. Economic growth is beneficial to private sector firms. New market opportunities will be created in an expanding economy. This provides scope for emerging businesses as well as the expansion of existing ones. A growing economy is favorable for any business and especially the ones that are new. Economic growth is measured by the increase in the gross domestic product (GDP) of the country. GDP can be measured by the expenditure approach or by the income approach. (Wessels, 2006) International Trade and the Balance of Payments The balance of payments is a set of accounts recording details of a nations transaction with the rest of the world. The current account measures a country's trade in currently produced goods and

Law Criminal law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Law Criminal law - Essay Example blished in the case of R v Abdul Hussain, Aboud, Hasan, Naji, Muhssin, Hoshan [1999] CLR 57 it was held that in order to establish duress as a defence it had to be established that there was imminent peril of death or serious injury. However, as established in the Hoshan case it was held that whilst the period of time elapsing between the peril and the Defendan’t act was relevant, it wasn’t determinative. In the case of Linda must further demonstrate that she was forced to act and give a false alibi due to a reasonable fear of injury. Secondly, she must satisfy the objective test that a reasonable person would have responded to the threat in the same or similar manner as she did [R v Graham [1982] 1 WLR 294]. Alternatively, as established in the case of R v Hasan [2005] UKHL voluntary association with criminals known to be violent will prohibit the defence of duress. As such, this may prejudice Linda’s ability to rely on the defence. b) Richard will not be able to rely on the defence of duress as there is no immediate risk of harm or death. However, he may be able to rely on the defence of necessity, which is again limited in scope (R v Martin [1989] 1 ALL ER 652. If Richard can establish that the alternative of waiting for an ambulance would have resulted in serious harm to his wife then he may be able to rely on the defence of necessity. Again, he would have to satisfy the objective test that a reasonable person would have acted in the same or similar manner [R v Graham [1982] 1 WLR 294]. c) Whilst necessity is not a defence per se, if Sandra can demonstrate that there was a real risk of injury or death (which there was in this case) she will have strong grounds for relying on the defence of necessity ((Re A Minors) Conjoined Twins: Medical Treatment) 4 All ER 961. Sandra will also have to satisfy the objective test. However, if her defence of necessity fails, she will be potentially liable for involuntary manslaughter due to the lack of mens rea for

Fundamentals of Microeconomics Essay Example for Free

Fundamentals of Microeconomics Essay Macroeconomics defined as â€Å"the study of the economy as a whole, which includes inflation, unemployment, business cycles, and growth† (Colander, G-5). There are many fundamentals that affect the economy in both a good and bad way. These fundamentals affect the economy, and they also show the growth of the economy. The fundamentals are gross domestic product (GDP), real gross domestic product, nominal gross domestic product, unemployment rate, inflation rate, and interest rate. Defining the fundamentals Gross Domestic Product is â€Å"the total market value of all final goods and services produced in an economy in a one-year period† (Colander, G-3). GDP calculation is very important because it calculates the growth, decline, or stand still have the economy. When the GDP is calculate, it is base on previous numbers not future numbers. For example, the GDP is +2%, which means a growth of 2% for the previous year. Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is â€Å"the market value of final goods and services produced in an economy, stated in the prices of the giver year† (Colander, G-7). Real GDP is an inflation measure of the production of goods and services in the economy. It reflects price changes throughout the year. The real GDP is base more on realistic numbers instead of a guess. The calculation is more accurate concerning the gross domestic product for the previous year. Nominal gross domestic product is calculate at existing prices. Nominal GDP does not reflect inflation and is known as â€Å"current dollar GDP.† Nominal GDP can either be higher or lower than the GDP. When nominal GDP is calculate without reflecting inflation, which can show a higher growth in the economy when it is lower or at a standstill. Unemployment rate is â€Å"the percentage of people in the economy who are willing and able to work but who are not working† (Colander, G-9). The unemployment rate is calculate every month, and it shows the people who are looking for work. This rate does not include individual like the elderly, people working only a few hours a week or people who do not send resumes into different business. The unemployment rate shows that based on the number of people in the United States, a certain percentage is actively looking for work but has not found work. Inflation Rate is the percentage rate of change in price over a certain period usually a year. The inflation rate is calculate using last year price for a particular item to determine how much it will cost. Inflation rate determines the price of many things that include the price of the dollar. When individual calculates the inflation rate, it can help others determine if it is better to buy certain products today or later. Interest Rate is â€Å"the price paid for the use of financial asset† (Colander, G-4). Interest rate is a certain percentage that an individual has to pay on borrowing money or purchasing something. The interest rate is base on the credit score and the item purchase. The rate can go from being a very low number to as high as 10 percent. Purchasing of Groceries The purchase of groceries affects government, households, and business daily. The government determines the tax placed when household purchase groceries. Every household in the United States purchase groceries to survive. The businesses are affected by grocery purchase through the purchase. The business is affected by the purchases made because it shows what is being purchase more and what is being purchase less. The flow of resources take place in continues circular motion. The groceries are receive by the business from the local food processing plants. The employees at the local business placed the items on the shelves and groceries are ready for sell. The household members purchase the groceries from the business and pay the taxes government placed on the items. This continues to take place daily and will always continue. Massive layoff of employees The flow of resources takes place, and it affects businesses in both good and bad ways. Most business can employee the previous laid-off employees to allow taxes to be paid. When businesses are not able to employ more employees, unemployed do not demand good and services. When employees are layoff, there is no income coming into the household. The household is affected because there is no income, which in return means less good and service that can be purchase. When massive layoffs of employees take place in the economy, it affects government because they are paying unemployment benefits, Medicaid, and giving food stamps and more welfare to those eligible. Decrease in taxes When the government decides to decrease tax, it affects everyone differently. Government is affected in a good way, but it occurs in the long-run supply and demand curve. The government is losing more because taxes are lower but more money is being receive. In the long-run supply and demand, the government receives more money because the household is purchasing more good and services. The household is excite because more money is coming into the household because taxes are lower. The lower the tax, the more income, which mean more good and services are being purchase. Businesses are excite because more goods and services are being purchase. The flow of resources occurs and is affected in the long-run supply and demand curve. References Colander, D.C. (2010). Macroeconomics (8th ed.) Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Fletcher Building Company Analysis

Fletcher Building Company Analysis Introduction to Fletcher building company Fletcher building company is a very famous construction work company in New Zealand. It constructs its first house in 1909 with the partnership at Dunedin after that they are increase their business all over the world. They established their head office in 1925 in Auckland. Now they have builds very popular buildings like Sky Tower. They have approximately 18800 employees and about 50 businesses at the moment who are working under Fletcher building banner. It exports its products to Australia. Task 1 If we look at the company needs then we need good surroundings which make the organization better. The organization should have proper resources, hardworking and skilled workers and  Ã‚   financial support. Moreover they should proper knowledge of latest technology which they can use to enhance their business and organization. Fletcher building company have very good sources by which they can sustain for long time. They have sources like raw materials from which they can design products and recycle that for getting better work from it. Its internal and external situations facts are given as below: External situation facts: Customers: we know for running any kind of business we need customers so that can get financial support from them to enhance our business. Moreover for attract more customers we need to give good services and products to the customers.   As we know Fletcher building company is a very famous company in New Zealand they need to attract more customers for making large projects in the markets and they need more customers so as to marketing. It works for both private and government organization. It constructs Sky Tower and Harbour bridge in New Zealand. (stuff.co.nz, 2014) Competition: If we think about competition about the competition, Fletcher building company have so many competitors in New Zealand but by these competitors they can get more advantages because   they can learn about latest technology and they can use their technology to develop their business and to improve its business services and market. They will be more serious to have more focus on large projects and finish these projects on time. Supplier market: The company has to make better relations with suppliers so as develop company. So Fletcher building company requires more suppliers who can provide raw materials and staff etc who can import their goods and services as we know Fletcher company imports from Australia. Internal situation facts: Management changes: The management changes imply that make them change into management system of organization to get advancement into some level which could be useful for organization to get new thought and utilize it so if discuss Fletcher building company they know their management level and where they have to enhance so roll out improvements in management could bring benefits. Employees: Employees are heart of any organization who   work hard to accomplish organizations goals and objectives where they have to complete work within time where organization ought to give few rewards and organization ought to disseminate their specific task and work which they ready to do that and empower them at each steps. Culture Changes: What the way of life mean where all workers cooperate does not make a difference which he from they called a team work for organization where Fletcher building organization regard all culture which make it multicultural society and Fletcher building company can give honors and rewards at universal level which make workers more certain show organization culture. Financial: As we know financial support is necessary to maintain a business and here fletcher company has incredible spending plan to done enormous venture and run business into great way where they need to spend on staff individuals and furthermore on organization upkeep so they should be ensure about their contribute and where they spending and that all speculation ought to be secured into organization budget (stuff.co.nz, nd) Task 2 Strategic Formulation Strategic planning: It is the future planning of any business which helps it to get profits and to achieve its goals and objectives. Without strategic planning any business cannot run in a proper way. Strategic planning helps the business to do any task within time frame. In terms of Fletcher building company it makes perfect planning to sustain for long time and they made perfect planning to get more profits and to get success. Why do we need of Strategic planning? : It is very important for any business in a good way. It is because before apply any plan in business management should know about the businesss performance and in which areas business lacking so it is necessary to have a strategic plan so as to do tasks accordingly. What does the strategic planning evaluate? : This means the evolution of the performance of business and it show how strategic planning helps in business. Moreover it also evaluates about all the things which were happen in the previous time. For example how much business get benefit and where thet got results for their services. Strategic planning for Fletcher building company Structures: The Fletcher organization has an extraordinary business structure to deal with all things and the level of structure has appropriate work amongst them and they all work under their points of confinement and rules and at some point company need changes in structure which help to improve plan and give better outcome. System: The Fletcher building company framework working into great way and furthermore attempting to propel their staff and they require a few changes into business framework can change business framework like, technology, correspondence framework, and so forth. Processes: The Fletcher building organization working in a procedure calendar and it called be an arrangement of interrelated activities which helps in business comes about. Responsibilities: The Fletcher building company has some more essential obligations to support business in market or could be with clients and that organization dependably work to deal with any circumstance on any issues. Key Tasks: The Fletcher Building company is the one biggest construction company of NZ and they generally work for government ventures and other enormous contract with private place. Milestones: Milestone imply that show solid point and like, enormous venture is finished by fletcher organization which got to be distinctly popular on the planet like, celebrated sky tower and harbor connect. Monitoring: Monitoring the fundamentally idea to dodge the errors in light of the fact that if the organization observing the things whats happening time to time then they additionally can move thought what to happen. Hazard Analysis: As we know organization dependably go out on a limb to making venture and where Fletcher organization ought to investigation the venture before begin it and it might go for broke to settle on choice so organization ought to examination each things before go for broke. Contingencies: The possibilities imply that something occurring in organization which could have awful effect or might be it has extraordinary advantages to organization. The occurrence something is about by key arrangement of business. Sustainability: The Fletcher Company maintains business with better way so they ought to have the capacity to proceed with a characterized conduct uncertainly. Corporate and Social Responsibility: The corporation and social duties are critical to any organization where we have an organization named it Fletcher building organization which ought to be exceptionally careful about their company and social duties where they need to ensure about condition and open aggravation. Task 3 Companys production as well as strategic plan: It is a broad planning of a company that make strategy for the production of a company which give quickly view to company about their creation stock and this is essential to think about production points of interest which demonstrate that how much stock organization have and to what extent they can get by with it and they gather creation stock to circulate vital arrangement with organization which is a consent to give concentrate on arrangements. Strategic getting ready for creation is valuable for: 1.Planning the production plan. 2.Also discovering the ability and incompetent specialists required for production. 3.Also ought to set up the departmental plans. (Akrani, 2011) Organizations distribution strategic planning The distribution dependably teach us to how the items come to client firstly distributer or retailer get the stuff which originates from fabricate organization and after that contractual worker get it then at long last got by customer. This a superior approach to send stuff to clients and this dispersion arranging additionally get more subtle elements and thoughts by vital arrangement and which help in company development and it could simple to make circulation arrangement for an organization (investopedia.com, nd) 2. How the company manages and arranges the production and distribution of goods and additionally services of goods The management dependably work for a company to get objective inside time where organization needs to oversee better staff for its management where they make a plan for organization production and products distribution and by doing it how organization could get more consumers so here we can discuss the Fletcher building organization who dependably work to give better stuff and fulfillment work and they likewise give a superior material, better client administrations et cetera. Which demonstrate their key getting ready for merchandise conveyance Then again the dissemination of products and ventures completely oversaw by the circulation cycle in light of the fact that in this they can get the stuff as per the request like: Manufacturer >wholesaler>   Retailer> Contractors>User (referenceforbusiness.com, n.d.) Task 4 Strategic execution: The high level plan: It means to make a long term plan so that company can sustain for long time. This plan is called high level plan. So when a company works on a big plan and stands internationally and they established their company all around the world so as to provide better services to their customers as compare with other companies. Now we have an example of Fletcher building company which shows its capability to perform better and in a good manner. Fletcher always make a good plan before proceeding to the other projects in which they arrange and manage every sources they will needed and which will useful to the company. They make high level plans so that their company give competition to other big companies. Their main motive is to develop their company business all over the world by attracting more and more customers. (amanet.org, nd) Plans used for operational planning: Fletcher is one of the largest construction company in New Zealand and it works on big project. It works on government and private projects. So they need to make an operational planning in terms of planning, organizing as well as supervision in context with manufacturing, production and services. Fletcher should provide goods and services so as to attract more customers. In input organization that involves with raw materials, equipments as well as staff. so they should hire skilled staff and should take care of the employees who works for the company. Actions which are consider by me on the plans of Fletcher building company: Now a days Fletcher building company performs really well everywhere. They focus on their strategy planning before begin any new project which helps to company to finish that project on time and in a good way. They focus on strategies like production planning, distribution planning, and operational planning which helps them a lot. My view about Fletcher company working is that they should have perfect operational planning through which their employees   can learn about the many things like how much stock is left for the project, how much their budget is, so these are the things which employees should know while working on any project. In this way they can work properly and efficiently. Moreover Fletcher should also take care about their employees health and needs. If their employees needs fulfils then they will give their best to the company. Task 5 Strategic plan and functions Marketing: We already know Fletcher Company is very famous company where its name is taken in big construction companies in New Zealand. They always work in a better way and satisfy their customers. In order to sustain all around the world Fletcher need to expand its business all over the world. So need to distribute their franchise globally. In this way they could face more competitors and problems and challenges which helps the Fletcher to get more improvement and to learn about new technologies and strategies. (balancedscorecard.org, nd) Finance:   In the Fletcher building company they also make strategic plan about their finance. As we know every company works on its finance. So Fletcher should have good finance buget which they can spend on their work so as to happy their customers. Moreover they can also get more risks to finish big projects which cam make the company more stronger and powerful with financially. Fletcher building company declared its half result in February 2015. Their net earnings were around 114 million dollars after paying tax and then 154 million dollars as compared to the prior corresponding year. Moreover their total tax was about 4327 million dollars up from 4273 million dollars. (Fletcherbuilding, 2015) Human resources: Fletcher building company has very good human resources because they hire very skilled staff which works hard in achieving the goals of the company. They make plans with its staff and tell them about every field of their projects so as to get more output from their employees.   So human resources plays very crucial role in the development of the company. Research and development: it is very important for the company because in this they innovate new ideas which can be useful for the development of the company. Moreover these new ideas can make their company unique from other companies. Information and communication technology: These are very important for the company because through these they can know about new techniques which can help their business to work faster. Moreover by these they can also communicate with their customers at any place. Property management: Fletcher building company establishes their branches at very good places like in New Zealand and Australia which expand their business internationally. They have large property to manage construction property to stock goods and other things. Task 6 Evaluation or Sustainability Improvement in its operations and services: During the evolution of Fletcher Company it wants to see the changes and improvements in its services and operations where consumers are having better services. It is a process to sustain its business for long time. They work to get taxes in the company and to give more benefits to the workers and to get good feedback from their customers all around the world. Evaluation of performance of company and staff: The Fletcher building company evaluates the performance of the company and its staff. It is very necessary from them to know about their status where they are standing in the market and what are the things they need to improve in proper time. Moreover if the employees work hard and give their best to the company so these workers should be given with rewards so that they work hard in the future also. Culture of Fletcher: As we know New Zealand is a multicultural society. So workers from different countries work together here as a team. It is very useful for the company because every employee give their own view for the development f the company. Communications: Flow of communication, communication patterns, and communication systems: Fletcher building company provides good social environment to their workers where workers should be trained to work. Where the company need a person who is fluent in any language which will connect the customers with any language to the company. There are many patterns by which we can learn about communication skills, way of talking where Fletcher Company have more focus on the communication skills and its flow. Data Reporting: Process of collecting data for Fletcher Management Process of submitting for Fletcher management In the Fletcher Building company constantly gather the information for management and assemble all information from company make a report and have a debate or discussion on it and if essential plan apply in company that can be divided between two fundamental one is that need of some accomplishment where company need to sure working of these exercise and effort is required to make company more developed and stronger and when the all information increase then it submitted to Fletcher organization prepare which take out better arrangement and apply it again in company (bridgingthegap.com, n.d.) References (n.d.). Retrieved from onlinebusadv.com: http://www.onlinebusadv.com/?PAGE=171 (n.d.). Retrieved from referenceforbusiness.com: http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/De-Ele/Distribution-and-Distribution-Requirements-Planning.htmlfor (n.d.). Retrieved from fletcherbuilding: www.fletcherbuilding.co.nz (n.d.). Retrieved from searchcio.techtarget: http://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/ICT-information-and-communications-technology-or-technologies (n.d.). Retrieved from bridgingthegap.com: http://www.bridging-the-gap.com/help-a-ba-how-do-you-collect-requirements-for-a-reporting-system/ (2014). Retrieved from stuff.co.nz: http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/industries/10402430/Fletcher-Building-posts-solid-profit Akrani, G. (2011). production planning. Fletcherbuilding. (2015, 02 18). Retrieved from www.fletcherbuilding.com: Fletcher building limited announced their half year result 18 Feb 2015. After tax their net earnings was $114 million then $154million as compared to the prior corresponding year. Their revenue was $4,327 million, up from $4,273 million (nd). Retrieved from stuff.co.nz: http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/industries/10402430/Fletcher-Building-posts-solid-profit (nd). Retrieved from investopedia.com: http://www.investopedia.com/university/business-plan/business-plan6.asp (nd). Retrieved from amanet.org: http://www.amanet.org/training/articles/What-Is-Strategy-Execution.aspx (nd). Retrieved from balancedscorecard.org: https://balancedscorecard.org/Resources/Strategic-Planning-Basics (nd). Retrieved from en.wikipedia.org: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_communication topmba.com. (nd). Retrieved from http://www.topmba.com/mba-programs/what-operations-management

Roman Religion In A Romans Everyday Life Vs. Religions Effects On Tod :: essays research papers fc

"We Romans", said Cicero, "owe our supremacy overall other peoples to our piety and religious observances and to our wisdom in believing that the spirit of the gods rules and directs everything." Roman rites and observances took two main forms. One was the domestic reverence of the spirit or genius of the family. The other was the public attitude to the gods and goddesses by whom the destiny and welfare of the Roman people as a whole were supposed to be guided and controlled. During the Classical period, religious observance accompanied all important private and public events and transactions and, no successful outcome went without a vow of thanks or public dedication. Temples, priests and sacred rites were provided by the State. Nothing in the nature of religious services as we know them, in which the body of worshipers as a whole were able to participate, seems to have been celebrated in the temples. Any set forms of prayers, hymns or chants were performed sole ly by the official priests whose secrets they remained. The ordinary Roman man or woman had little personal part to play in such rites (Handbook To Life In Ancient Greece). While they were being undertaken and fulfilled it was the duty of the ordinary citizen not to interfere or make any disturbance and to refrain from any business affairs. When religiously minded Roman dropped in to a temple in order to worship the god or goddess whose house it was , they had some practical object in view : some personal favor or advantage. They came and perhaps burn incenses. When praying they stood with upturned palms. Sometimes they got as close to the image of the god as they could in order to whisper their pleas; the feet of some of the images were worn by the kisses of generations of worshipers. In addition to paying a fee for admission, the grateful petitioner for divine aid also brought sacrifices and thankful offerings to the temples. Enormous numbers of livestock and cattle went to augmen t the wealth of the temples, and to swell the incomes of the priests and attendants, many of whom became extremely wealthy. Temple worship was no essential part of Roman life. If it had been, it is difficult to understand why there were not more than about a hundred within the city confines, which is no large number in a city of some million inhabitants.

Essay --

Tricked by Inferno (A critique on how Dante’s Inferno can make you do the morally correct thing) As the great Francois de La Rochefoucauld, â€Å"The intellect is always fooled by the heart.† When it comes to doing the morally correct thing, Dante’s Inferno is the text that scares people to do what they are supposed to do. By saying what will happen if a person were to go to hell, this will scare people into doing the right thing. As Tim Keller said, â€Å"Sin removes us from that aspect of his power that sustains and supports us. It is to us as water is to a fish-away from it our life slowly ebbs away.† In Dante’s Inferno he uses many tools to scare people into acting as they morally should, three of these critiqued tools include: pain, suffering, and misery. To begin, pain is an ideal threat that Dante provides in the idea of hell. When the thought of hell arises, one of the very first things that comes to mind is pain. The pain of realization that you are going to spend the rest of eternity in purgatory is very excruciating. â€Å"May you weep and wail for all of eternity.† (pg.81) This quote from Dante’s Inferno states just what kind of pain there will be if a person went to hell. Weeping knowing that for the rest of eternity there will be only pain, and heartache. â€Å"Heartbreak is like one big emotional pain but it also seems to spark off hundreds of other emotions. We hate the feeling of heartbreak, and yet we find ourselves compelled to go over and over memories, ideas or fantasies which make the feeling worse. â€Å" As Dr. Edward E. Smith states, heartache is one of the worst feelings that a person can face. After realizing the kind of heartache and pain that going to hell can cause, people will be more tempted to act morally correct. Hell has... ...for no reason, but to bring themselves up they deserve to be punished. Hurting people is no way to make you feel better. Therefore they should get a taste of their own medicine. The people in this circle will be stomped on by a giant, over, and over, for all of eternity. They will be â€Å"be-littled† literally, after lifting the egos of all of the people that they were mean to during the time that they were alive. Circle 6 (Rapists and Murders) This is the worst crime that person could ever commit. These people will be shot over and over for the rest of eternity. They did the worst thing humanly possible. Raping someone and or murdering them is the worst thing a person can do. Taking everything that person has is the worst thing that someone could do. By being shot repeatedly they will be able to feel the pain that they have caused other people while they were alive.

Crime control vs. Due Process Essay

The criminal justice system in the United States has over time and in recent times been developed in two model systems. The crime control model and due process model. The two systems have been adopted over time to deal with the spiraling rate of crime. On the one hand conflict and crime control model which other commentators have referred as social reality crime tend to associate the crime on how it is affected by the dynamics that mould the society’s social, economic and political structure. The crime control model works on the assumption that the criminal law as enacted by parliament and enforced by the police and prosecutors can control crime. This model looks to the legislature as opposed to the courts as its validating authority and accepts extensive reliance that legislatures place on the criminal sanction. (The new law victim’s rights, Kent Roach). The crime control policy otherwise termed by Malcolm M Feeley and Jonathan Simon as a new concept in their article ‘The new penology’ is neither about punishing nor about rehabilitating individuals. The system is about identifying and managing unruly groups. On the other hand consensus and due process model describes the values that courts have embraced in many of their decisions. The model’s main purpose is protection of rights of citizens. Due process is like an obstacle course, you have to keep going through the legal obstacle to ensure in the end you convict the right person. In crime control model the law enforcement possesses the investigative powers to arrest people for questioning, and this is often the fastest way by which to establish the suspect is factually guilty. This model performs the role of getting the criminal off the street and protects the innocent. The law enforcement leads in this role. In due process model, law enforcement has little role to play. The bulk is performed by the prosecution which lays the crime committed by the offender before the court. The court’s role is to find the guilt of the offender and ensuring that the offender’s rights are safeguarded. In controlling crime, the correctional facilities have an important role to play, the kind of rehabilitating an offender who is released into the society matters a lot. The correction can also play a significant role where offenders who are due to be released are not reformed enough to be sent to the unsuspecting members of the public. Malco M. Feeley & Jonathan in their new penology document focuses on what role correction can perform. They dwell more on incapacitation which they say promises to reduce the efforts of crime in society not by altering either offender or social context but by rearranging the distribution of offender in the society. If the prison can nothing else, the incapacitation theory hold says that, it can detain offender for a time and thus delay their resumption of criminal activity. If such delay is sustained for enough time and enough offenders, siginificant aggregate effects in crime can take place although individual destinies are only marginally altered. The Federal application of the crime control has been traditionally directed at problems transcending state boundaries, with maintaining law and order in are subject exclusively to federal jurisdiction or national concern. The 107th congress did enhance authorities of the department of justice (DOJ) and in specific the Federal Bureau of Investigation in dealing with homeland security and anti-terrorism problems which arose from the September 11, 2001 attacks. Included are expanded federal law enforcement authority in such areas as wiretapping and related investigative tool to aid law enforcement official in the war on terrorism e. g. USA Patriot Act. (Jo Anne O Bryant & Lis Segheli,congressional research Service update September 11,2002) Congress has been extending federal jurisdiction over crime to areas once considered to be within state and local jurisdiction (e. g. juvenile justice and gun control) and enlarging federal support of state and local efforts to combat crime over last two decades. In general, the federal is trying to adopt crime control by pre-emptively dealing with measures which can enable prevention of crime in a bid to control. In contrast states have areas which they dwell on and some are left to the jurisdiction of the federal government or agencies. For example terrorism laws are federal laws are congress has come up with laws dealing with terrorism laws and also ways of controlling and safeguarding the boundaries of United States. The local or state jurisdiction has crime control measures within the sphere which does not overstep the mandate of federal agencies. Matters to do with dues process are both for the state and federal. Due process has been a process of the courts and the courts always will endeavor to defend their mandate of making laws and at the same time protecting existing one. The state and the federal have no option when the courts tend to hold opinion which they legally support. The crime control policy is preemptive in nature. That is to say it seeks to have prevention done in order to check the rate of crime in society. To some extent it is a perfect system to deal with a rate of crime that never comes down. Crime control policy does not have any adverse effect in the society’s social, economic state. While on the other hand due process being a court initiated process ensures that the rights are not violated by law enforcement. Due process is offender minded whereas crime control is society minded. It is relatively easier to ascertain the performance of crime control policy in comparison with due process. The rate of crime in society may fall relatively if the emphasis is laid crime. Opinion from the law enforcement can also be sought in evaluating their performance and what they think about the two policies. The courts also may provide vital information with regard to due process because they can make the best judgment than law enforcement. Officials in correctional facilities can also provide vital information on the crime control model as they play a large part in implantation of some recommendations. 1. The new law victim’s rights, Kent Roach. 2. The new penology,Malcom M. Feeley & Jonathan Simon 3. Congressional Research Service update sept. 11,2002 ,Jo Anne O Bryant & Lisa Segheli

Enger Tower History

Enger Memorial Tower Enger Memorial Tower was built in 1939 in order to remember Bert Enger, who immigrated to Duluth from Norway and became a powerful and successful furniture store owner through hard work and dedication. He believed in sharing his success with the city that helped him achieve it and allowed Duluth to develop land near Enger Tower, including the building of a park and a golf course. When he died in 1931 he left two-thirds of his estate to Duluth. In order to commemorate Bert Enger the citry decided to build Enger Memorial Tower. The 70-foot tower was built on the highest of four mounds in Enger Park and was built by L. J. Kilippen and Son. Bert Enger’s urn was attached to the structure. The tower was made of native bluestone and stood five feet tall. The park also included trails, and a beautiful view of the city. For the dedication ceremony Crown Prince Olav of Norway came to dedicate the memorial. It was the prince’s second dedicatory ceremony while in America, he also dedicated the Norwegian Pavilion at World’s Fair in New York City. The park’s locations is one of its best assets; it is located on a bluff, overlooking the city. It also has some of the most beautiful gardens in Duluth. One of its gardens is located on a hill and includes dwarf conifers that branch out from rock outcroppings. Another serves as a sort of dedication to Duluth’s sister city, Oh Ara, Japan; this garden has a pavilion and peace bell. Another garden has over 4,000 daffodils in the spring and white birth and poplar trees year-round. Hostas, full trees, and over 200 perennials line the path to the tower. Location: 16th Avenue West and Skyline Drive â€Å"The whole park has a relaxed and family friendly atmosphere. † -University of Minnesota